TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

All that has to do with the power train, gearbox, clutch, fuels and lubricants, etc. Generally the mechanical side of Formula One.
Cold Fussion
93
Joined: 19 Dec 2010, 04:51

Re: TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

Post

Surely the efficiency in this case would be measured against the potentially extra mgu-k harvesting vs the weight of having to carry the excess fuel. Whether or not the engine is only operating at 25% TE instead of 40% in this mode doesn't really matter, it will just swing the balance one way or the other.

alexx_88
12
Joined: 28 Aug 2011, 10:46
Location: Bucharest, Romania

Re: TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

Post

gruntguru wrote:Fuel would only be added (wasted) when the power available from braking the rear wheels is less than the power required to "motor" the crankshaft + 120 kW (max MGUK harvest).
That's quite interesting. If I correctly understand what you're saying, they are adding said fuel to prevent the wheels from locking? If that's the case, wouldn't it be easier/more efficient to decrease the load on the MGU-K by some sort of PWM control signal? Don't know for sure if electronics would allow it or if it would be better, just asking.

bergie88
8
Joined: 25 Aug 2014, 12:20

Re: TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

Post

gruntguru wrote:Fuel would only be added (wasted) when the power available from braking the rear wheels is less than the power required to "motor" the crankshaft + 120 kW (max MGUK harvest). Even then, fuel would only be added during braking if the full 120 kW available from MGUK to the ES was deemed "high priority" and the race fuel allowance was "low priority".

Using fuel in this way (purely to charge the battery) is much less efficient than fuel used at max power:
1. The thermal efficiency at circa 120 kW crankshaft will be much lower.
2. Inefficiencies in the "GUK harvest - ES charging - ES discharging - MUK drive to wheels" cycle will further reduce the fuel energy -> wheel energy conversion efficiency.
I completely agree with the last two reasons for not doing this, this is what I was also thinking. Another thing about the first sentence of your post, isnt it always the case that when a F1 car brakes (so full pedal braking, not lift and coast) it almost always generates 120kW at the rear brakes/axle? Such that this situation almost never occures?

gruntguru
563
Joined: 21 Feb 2009, 07:43

Re: TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

Post

Cold Fussion wrote:Surely the efficiency in this case would be measured against the potentially extra mgu-k harvesting vs the weight of having to carry the excess fuel. Whether or not the engine is only operating at 25% TE instead of 40% in this mode doesn't really matter, it will just swing the balance one way or the other.
It does matter during the race if the 100 kg race limit is in play and the strategists need to decide in which modes to reduce fuel. They would obviously reduce fuel in the modes that will have least effect on lap time.
je suis charlie

gruntguru
563
Joined: 21 Feb 2009, 07:43

Re: TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

Post

alexx_88 wrote:
gruntguru wrote:Fuel would only be added (wasted) when the power available from braking the rear wheels is less than the power required to "motor" the crankshaft + 120 kW (max MGUK harvest).
That's quite interesting. If I correctly understand what you're saying, they are adding said fuel to prevent the wheels from locking? If that's the case, wouldn't it be easier/more efficient to decrease the load on the MGU-K by some sort of PWM control signal? Don't know for sure if electronics would allow it or if it would be better, just asking.
No - not to prevent locking - to increase harvesting.
je suis charlie

gruntguru
563
Joined: 21 Feb 2009, 07:43

Re: TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

Post

bergie88 wrote:
gruntguru wrote:Fuel would only be added (wasted) when the power available from braking the rear wheels is less than the power required to "motor" the crankshaft + 120 kW (max MGUK harvest). Even then, fuel would only be added during braking if the full 120 kW available from MGUK to the ES was deemed "high priority" and the race fuel allowance was "low priority".

Using fuel in this way (purely to charge the battery) is much less efficient than fuel used at max power:
1. The thermal efficiency at circa 120 kW crankshaft will be much lower.
2. Inefficiencies in the "GUK harvest - ES charging - ES discharging - MUK drive to wheels" cycle will further reduce the fuel energy -> wheel energy conversion efficiency.
I completely agree with the last two reasons for not doing this, this is what I was also thinking. Another thing about the first sentence of your post, isnt it always the case that when a F1 car brakes (so full pedal braking, not lift and coast) it almost always generates 120kW at the rear brakes/axle? Such that this situation almost never occures?
Yes so adding fuel purely to drive the GUK would be rare - especially during the race. More likely during qualy.
je suis charlie

Tommy Cookers
617
Joined: 17 Feb 2012, 16:55

Re: TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

Post

bergie88 wrote: ......isnt it always the case that when a F1 car brakes (so full pedal braking, not lift and coast) it almost always generates 120kW at the rear brakes/axle? Such that this situation almost never occures?
it occurs for many seconds/lap
either where trail-braking is attractive already or making trail-braking more valuable and so attractive
running the engine to exactly balance the gu-h load is attractive to the braking system design
the old zero overrun push rule only applied below 15000 rpm, and our engines are limited to 15000 rpm

there seems to be a lot of engine noise on the overrun into slow corners (it's hard to believe they are zero-fuelled)

or are we saying that people are not using their 2MJ or 4 MJ lap entitlements ?
fuel weight as a proportion of car weight is tiny, the benefit of leaving fuel in the pit has never been smaller
Last edited by Tommy Cookers on 12 Sep 2015, 11:03, edited 2 times in total.

bergie88
8
Joined: 25 Aug 2014, 12:20

Re: TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

Post

Tommy Cookers wrote:
bergie88 wrote: ......isnt it always the case that when a F1 car brakes (so full pedal braking, not lift and coast) it almost always generates 120kW at the rear brakes/axle? Such that this situation almost never occures?
it occurs for many seconds/lap
either where trail-braking is attractive already or making trail-braking more valuable and so attractive

there seems to be a lot of engine noise on the overrun (it's hard to believe they are zero-fuelled)

or are we saying that people are not using their 2MJ or 4 MJ lap entitlements ?
Yes. Wuzak just made a great post in the "Honda Power Unit" threat where he uses data from Brembo to show that at Monza only around 700kJ, so 0.7MJ, is recovered during braking by the MGU-K. Do you think it is beneficial in this case to burn extra fuel (at a lower TE as gruntguru indicated), regenerate it by the MGU-K, store it in the battery and than use it again by the MGU-K to fill this up to 2MJ?

gruntguru
563
Joined: 21 Feb 2009, 07:43

Re: TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

Post

Tommy Cookers wrote:there seems to be a lot of engine noise on the overrun (it's hard to believe they are zero-fuelled)
Interesting point. Perhaps there are times when the most efficient strategy to conserve ES charge is to use intermittent cylinder fuelling with late ignition and produce highly energetic blowdown pulses to keep the turbine spooled?
je suis charlie

bergie88
8
Joined: 25 Aug 2014, 12:20

Re: TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

Post

gruntguru wrote:
Tommy Cookers wrote:there seems to be a lot of engine noise on the overrun (it's hard to believe they are zero-fuelled)
Interesting point. Perhaps there are times when the most efficient strategy to conserve ES charge is to use intermittent cylinder fuelling with late ignition and produce highly energetic blowdown pulses to keep the turbine spooled?
Such that all the energy in the ES can be used to propel the car with the MGU-K instead of powering the compressor with the MGU-H? Could be yes.

gruntguru
563
Joined: 21 Feb 2009, 07:43

Re: TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

Post

bergie88 wrote:
gruntguru wrote:
Tommy Cookers wrote:there seems to be a lot of engine noise on the overrun (it's hard to believe they are zero-fuelled)
Interesting point. Perhaps there are times when the most efficient strategy to conserve ES charge is to use intermittent cylinder fuelling with late ignition and produce highly energetic blowdown pulses to keep the turbine spooled?
Such that all the energy in the ES can be used to propel the car with the MGU-K instead of powering the compressor with the MGU-H? Could be yes.
Well yes - not at the same moment but keeping the max energy in the ES for when the car does need propulsion.
je suis charlie

User avatar
Blackout
1562
Joined: 09 Feb 2010, 04:12

Re: TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

Post

And what does the zero overrun push rule say exactly? that PU output must be 0 when the driver is not on the gaz pedal?

Btw, Taffin once said this (google tanslation from the german) :-k
He talks about acceleration phases first
When the Formula 1 engine "overweight" is
Sebastian Vettel's former motor engineer explains what he means: this residual energy we get through the so-called 'overloading' of the engine. What is that? We use fuel to generate electricity. And how are you? When accelerating you do not need all of the engine power. You have too much torque with these engines. The driver drives in the initial stage of acceleration only half or three-quarter throttle. This gives us a leeway for energy production. Instead now according to inject less fuel, to restrict the torque, we burn more fuel. The excess power produced there is not invested in additional propulsion. This extra torque that we do not use for driving, is used to make the MGU-K run as a generator. With this power, the battery is charged. "

The same is done at the end of the straight line in the phases in which the driver takes his foot off the accelerator, but is not yet on the brake. Taffin clarified: "But it is more efficient to tap the energy in the partial load range." The new rules allow. "We can with the new motors save energy, whenever we want. The driver does not necessarily have it stand on the brakes, as was the case with the old Kers. The only limitations relate to the amount of energy that can may store and retrieve. "

bergie88
8
Joined: 25 Aug 2014, 12:20

Re: TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

Post

When the Formula 1 engine "overweight" is
Sebastian Vettel's former motor engineer explains what he means: this residual energy we get through the so-called 'overloading' of the engine. What is that? We use fuel to generate electricity. And how are you? When accelerating you do not need all of the engine power. You have too much torque with these engines. The driver drives in the initial stage of acceleration only half or three-quarter throttle. This gives us a leeway for energy production. Instead now according to inject less fuel, to restrict the torque, we burn more fuel. The excess power produced there is not invested in additional propulsion. This extra torque that we do not use for driving, is used to make the MGU-K run as a generator. With this power, the battery is charged. "
This is a form of traction control, nothing more nothing less. Off course without the feedback control loop which makes it possibly illegal.

NL_Fer
82
Joined: 15 Jun 2014, 09:48

Re: TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

Post

This is a form of tractor control, nothing more nothing less. Off course without the feedback control loop which makes it possibly illegal.[/quote]

No it is not. As long as then torque output of the fixed for a given accelerator input and rpm, it's just a kind of paddle mapping.

Cold Fussion
93
Joined: 19 Dec 2010, 04:51

Re: TERS : Thermal Energy Recovery System

Post

bergie88 wrote:
When the Formula 1 engine "overweight" is
Sebastian Vettel's former motor engineer explains what he means: this residual energy we get through the so-called 'overloading' of the engine. What is that? We use fuel to generate electricity. And how are you? When accelerating you do not need all of the engine power. You have too much torque with these engines. The driver drives in the initial stage of acceleration only half or three-quarter throttle. This gives us a leeway for energy production. Instead now according to inject less fuel, to restrict the torque, we burn more fuel. The excess power produced there is not invested in additional propulsion. This extra torque that we do not use for driving, is used to make the MGU-K run as a generator. With this power, the battery is charged. "
This is a form of traction control, nothing more nothing less. Off course without the feedback control loop which makes it possibly illegal.
If it is constant then it isn't traction control, it could only be deemed in my view as TC if they would have an open loop control that would vary the mgu-k harvesting (probably based off vehicle velocity) while the driver remained on full throttle.

Post Reply