Formula One era: 1990-1999
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| Safety regulations | |||
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| Cars | Circuits | Drivers | Organisation |
1990: Larger mirrors; quickly detachable steering wheel. 1991: FIA tested seatbelts; FT5 fuel tanks; rollbar test; dynamic test of survival cell. 1992: More severe impact tests: water-filled fuel tank fitted to test strength of seat back bulkhead and 75 kg dummy fitted with maximum deceleration figure for the torso (also verifies harness anchorage strength). 1993: Headrest area increased (from 80cm² to 400cm²). 1994: Wheels must be made from an homogeneous metallic material. 1995: Engine capacity reduced: 3.5 to 3.0 litres. Chassis must extend at least 30cm in front of driver's feet (previously 15cm). Reduce front wing endplate heights (to between 5cm and 25cm above flat bottom) and length (must not extend further back than 35cm in front of the front wheel axis). 1996: Front wing endplates min. 10mm thick to prevent tyre damage to cars in front. 1997: FIA Accident Data Recorder obligatory on all cars (ADR). 1998: Overall width reduced from 2m to 1.8m; grooved tyres made obligatory, to reduce cornering speeds. 1999: Engine oil breathers to vent into the engine air intake. A cable must tether each wheel to the chassis to prevent it flying off or contacting the driver's head, in case of accident. A seat which can be extracted with the driver in it in case of injury is mandatory. Use of beryllium alloys in the chassis is prohibited. Frontal impact test: speed and maximum permitted average deceleration increased (from 12 to 13m/s and 25 to 40g). Distance of the driver's helmet below a line between the roll hoops increased (from 50 to 70mm). Rear and lateral headrests to be 1-piece, with standard quick-release method. Asymmetric braking prohibited. The FIA Accident Data Recorder must also be in operation in private testing. |
1992: Kerbs lowered pitlane min. width 12m; pit entry chicane obligatory 1994: Pits spectator gallery fire shield obligatory. Identification of 27 "very high risk" corners by computer analysis: 15 removed from list by 1994 performance reductions. Tyre wall deceleration tests, analysed relative to human tolerance levels, produce a standard by which to judge new barriers. Use of conveyor belting in front of tyre walls recommended. 1995: Smooth raised kerbs recommended for F1. Gravel bed waves and furrows deleted. First pit wall debris shields installed. 1996: Corners classified "high risk" reduced to 2 through circuit safety improvements and track modifications. Temporary circuit wall and debris fence specification guidelines. FIA test requirement for 'thin' energy absorbing barriers. 1997: FIA circuit approval required for F1 testing. Kerb types and heights standardised after year of investigation. Bolted tyre wall construction obligatory. Analysis of the performance of safety measures with data recorded on the cars' ADR's. 1998: High performance tyre barrier test specification established. Pit lane should be straight 100m before pits. Increased use of full light sets to supplement flag signals. 1999: Pit wall debris fences becoming generalised. Recomended to widen the signalling platform by 50cm, for circulation, (obligatory for new circuits). Asphalt used on some run-off locations. |
1993: Severe end-of-race crowd control measures imposed. 1994: Approved helmet standards reduced to 3 most stringent (Sell/BSI/SFI). Ear - phones banned; weight 1800gr max. Check-tests made on clothing and helmets in use. 1995: 3-inch wide seat harness shoulder straps obligatory. F1 drivers Super licence criteria more stringent. 1996: Safety belt release lever must point downwards. 1997: FIA supervision of conditions for private testing. 1998: Two shoulder strap anchorages recommended. Driver must be able to exit and replace steering wheel, in 10 seconds. 1999: Highly visible gloves recommended for signalling startline problems. "Marshal information Display" lights system to be fitted in cockpit. Seat belts must comply with FIA Standard 8853-98. |
1990: Driver extrication exercise obligatory. 1992: Safety Car introduced. 1993: Pit lane speed limited to 50km/h in practices. 1994: Pit lane speed limited to 80km/h in practice, 120 km/h in the race. Fire-protective clothing for all refuelling crews Burns treatment material in each pit obligatory. Pit lane access new restrictions. Creation of the Advisory Expert Group, to apply new technology to safety in F1. 1995: Minimum safety services recom-mended for private testing. Clarification of blue, yellow, and white flags rules. FIA Doctor given Tech. Assistant. 1996: Standardisation of FIA medical and safety cars. Improved Safety Car procedure. Fire exercises with Teams. Transformation of starting lights and procedure. 1997: FIA approval for all Chief Medical Officers and medical centres. Revised accident intervention plan. Safety Car: more powerful; may be used for wet race starts; permanent professional race driver engaged. 1999: At least 4 medical intervention cars, + FIA Doctor car, obligatory. Pit lane exit control by red and green lights and blue warning flag, practice and race |
| Regulations (engine - weight) |
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| 1980-1983 |
| 1500 cc with compressor or 3000 cc without a compressor. Maximumweight 575 kg (1980), 585 kg (1981), 580 kg (1982), 540 kg (1983) 480 hp at 10000 rpm-588 kg (1980 Williams 07B) 640 hp at 11000 rpm-540 kg (1983 Brabham BMW BT55 Turbo) |
| 1984-1985 |
| 1500 cc without and 3000 cc with compressor. Minimumweight 540 kg, maximumfuelconsumption 220 l/race. 750 hp at 12000 rpm-540 kg (1985 McLaren-TAG MP4/2B Turbo) |
| 1986 |
| 1500 cc with compressor. Minimumweight 540 kg, max.fuelcons. 195 l/race 1400 hp at 12000 rpm-540 kg (Williams-Honda FW11 Turbo) |
| 1987-1988 |
| - Min.weight 500 kg (1987), 540 kg (1988). Max.fuelcons. 195 l/race (1987), 155 l/race (1988), max.pressure 4 bar (1987), 2.5 bar (1988). 850 hp at 13000 rpm-540 kg (Williams-Honda FW11 Turbo) - Or: 3500 cc not compressed. Minimum 500 kg, no fuel-limit. 590 hp at 12000 rpm- 500 kg (Tyrell-Ford 016) |
| 1989 |
| 3500 cc not compressed (no more turbo engines), no refuelling. 685 hp at 13000 rpm-500 kg (McLaren-Honda MP4/5) |
