Well, I hope this helps:
*
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential, Wikipedia article on differentials, if this is your question.
How stuff works explains several types.
*
F1 differentials are... different (sorry, I couldn't resist).
*
Formula One.com explains that they are limited slip differentials, or this is what I understood.
* You can find a list of types of differentials that "have stood the test of time on racing" on
Milliken and Milliken (link to Amazon listing) that maybe you can check at your library.
* Finally, there was
a thread about CVT (which are forbidden) that you may find interesting and a really
short explanation on differentials, both on this site.
I believe traction control through electronic controlled differentials is forbiden, so modulation of engine and braking of wheels (this last one I am not sure) are what is left in F1.
Maybe somebody can help with something more specific.